trạng ngữ

Trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian thường đứng ở đầu câu.

Definition

1. Noun (Grammar):
   • Adverbial phrase / Adverbial clause: A grammatical component that modifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or an entire sentence by providing information about time, place, manner, reason, condition, purpose, or degree. It is an optional element that adds circumstantial detail to the core meaning of a sentence.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • "Hôm qua, tôi đi học." (Yesterday, I went to school.) - "Hôm qua" is an adverbial phrase of time.
  • "Cô ấy hát rất hay." (She sings very well.) - "Rất hay" is an adverbial phrase of manner.
  • "Vì trời mưa, chúng tôi ở nhà." (Because it was raining, we stayed home.) - "Vì trời mưa" is an adverbial clause of reason.

Advanced Usage

• Position: An adverbial phrase or clause can often appear at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence without changing the core meaning, though it may alter emphasis.
  • Ở thư viện, tôi đọc sách. (At the library, I read books.)
  • Tôi, ở thư viện, đọc sách. (I, at the library, read books.)
  • Tôi đọc sách ở thư viện. (I read books at the library.)

Variants and Related Words

• Trạng từ (n): Adverb. A single word that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb (e.g., - quickly, - here).
• Bổ ngữ (n): Complement. A grammatical element that completes the meaning of a verb or adjective.

Synonyms

• Adjunct: A term in formal grammar for optional, modifying elements in a sentence.
• Modifier: A general term for words or phrases that describe or qualify another word.

Related Grammatical Concepts

• Mệnh đề trạng ngữ: Adverbial clause. A dependent clause that functions as an adverbial phrase.
  • "Khi tôi đến, mọi người đã về." (When I arrived, everyone had left.) - "Khi tôi đến" is an adverbial clause of time.
• Cụm từ chỉ nơi chốn / thời gian / cách thức: Phrases indicating place / time / manner. These are common types of adverbial phrases.